Although currently a museum, Santa Maria della Scala was once a civic hospital dedicated to caring for the sick, abandoned children and the poor. But since Siena lies on Europe’s most important pilgrimage route, the Via Francigena, the hospital was also a vital stop for pilgrims looking for shelter, food, or medical attention. Founded in 898 CE by a cobbler, Santa Maria della Scala was one of Europe’s first hospitals and is one of the world’s oldest surviving hospitals. Along with Siena Cathedral and the Palazzo Pubblico, Santa Maria della Scala is considered one of Siena’s most important decorative complexes. Buona visita!